Ramalina fastigiata (Pers.) Ach.
Lichenogr. Univ.: 603, 1810. Basionym: Lichen fastigiatus Pers. - N. Ann. Bot., 1: 156, 1794.
Synonyms: Ramalina calicaris var. fastigiata (Pers.) Fr.; Ramalina fastigiata f. torulosa A. Massal. ex Jatta; Ramalina fastigiata var. exasperata Delise; Ramalina fastigiata var. multipartita Erichsen; Ramalina fenestrata Motyka; Ramalina populina (Hoffm.) Vain.
Description: Thallus fruticose, green, forming up to c. 4 cm wide tufts, richly branched from a basal holdfast. Branches erect, to 6 cm long and 8 mm wide, distinctly flattened at least at the base, angular in upper part, sometimes hollow (especially below the apothecia), longitudinally wrinkled (rarely weakly fenestrate). Cortex 2-layered, the outer part paraplectenchymatous, the inner part cartilaginous; medulla white, of loosely interwoven hyphae, especially in the central part of branches. Apothecia frequent, lecanorine, terminal, to 7 mm across (usually less), often appearing at one level and sometimes totally obscuring the lobes, short-stalked, with a greenish to pale brown, often pruinose disc and a thin thalline margin. Epithecium pale brownish-olive; hymenium and hypothecium colourless; paraphyses thick-walled, richly branched in upper part. Asci 8-spored, the apical dome K/I+ dark blue with a pale, conical-pointed apical cushion (axial mass), the wall I-, but the thin outer gel I+ blue, Bacidia-type. Ascospores 1-septate, hyaline, often curved and kidney-shaped, 12-18 x 5-8 μm. Photobiont: chlorococcoid. Spot tests: cortex and medulla K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: cortex with usnic acid; medulla with substances of the evernic acid complex.
Growth form: Fruticose
Substrata: bark
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: rare
Montane belt: common
Dry submediterranean belt: rather rare
Humid submediterranean belt: rather common
Padanian area: extremely rare
pH of the substrata:
1 2 3 4 5
Solar irradiation:
1 2 3 4 5
Aridity:
1 2 3 4 5
Eutrophication:
1 2 3 4 5
Poleotolerance:
0 1 2 3
Altitudinal distribution:
1 2 3 4 5 6
Rarity
absent
extremely rare
very rare
rare
rather rare
rather common
common
very common
extremely common
Loading data...
Occurrence data
Predictive map
Current prediction (1981-2010)
Future prediction (2071-2100) SSP 1-2.6
Future prediction (2071-2100) SSP 5-8.5Predictive maps according to Francesconi et al. 2025
Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (32529)
2001/12/07
Andres Saag; Owner: University of Tartu
Harry Taylor; Owner: Natural History Museum London
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[1431], Österreich, Land Salzburg, Steir. Salzkammergut, Mitterndorf bei der Sonnenalm, an Laubbaum. Leg. et det. F. Schumm 01.01.1969
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[5518], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Zollernalbkreis, Lochenstein südlich von Balingen, Weißjura, ca. 964 m, 48°13.048’ N, 8°51.075’ E; auf Fraxinus, TK: 7719/3. Leg. F. Schumm & U. Schwarz 25.04.1999, det. F. Schumm.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[5518], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Zollernalbkreis, Lochenstein südlich von Balingen, Weißjura, ca. 964 m, 48°13.048’ N, 8°51.075’ E; auf Fraxinus, TK: 7719/3. Leg. F. Schumm & U. Schwarz 25.04.1999, det. F. Schumm.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[11845], Spanien, Balearen, Mallorca, Serranias de Levante, Nordostküste bei Capdepera, in Kiefernwald oberhalb des Sportplatzes, epiphytisch, 120 m. Leg. A. Schäfer-Verwimp 2.04.1985 (Nr. Ma 33 F), det. F. Schumm 11.2004.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[11845], Spanien, Balearen, Mallorca, Serranias de Levante, Nordostküste bei Capdepera, in Kiefernwald oberhalb des Sportplatzes, epiphytisch, 120 m. Leg. A. Schäfer-Verwimp 2.04.1985 (Nr. Ma 33 F), det. F. Schumm 11.2004.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[11845], Spanien, Balearen, Mallorca, Serranias de Levante, Nordostküste bei Capdepera, in Kiefernwald oberhalb des Sportplatzes, epiphytisch, 120 m. Leg. A. Schäfer-Verwimp 2.04.1985 (Nr. Ma 33 F), det. F. Schumm 11.2004.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[11845], Spanien, Balearen, Mallorca, Serranias de Levante, Nordostküste bei Capdepera, in Kiefernwald oberhalb des Sportplatzes, epiphytisch, 120 m. Leg. A. Schäfer-Verwimp 2.04.1985 (Nr. Ma 33 F), det. F. Schumm 11.2004.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[11845], Spanien, Balearen, Mallorca, Serranias de Levante, Nordostküste bei Capdepera, in Kiefernwald oberhalb des Sportplatzes, epiphytisch, 120 m. Leg. A. Schäfer-Verwimp 2.04.1985 (Nr. Ma 33 F), det. F. Schumm 11.2004.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[11845], Spanien, Balearen, Mallorca, Serranias de Levante, Nordostküste bei Capdepera, in Kiefernwald oberhalb des Sportplatzes, epiphytisch, 120 m. Leg. A. Schäfer-Verwimp 2.04.1985 (Nr. Ma 33 F), det. F. Schumm 11.2004.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[11845], Spanien, Balearen, Mallorca, Serranias de Levante, Nordostküste bei Capdepera, in Kiefernwald oberhalb des Sportplatzes, epiphytisch, 120 m. Leg. A. Schäfer-Verwimp 2.04.1985 (Nr. Ma 33 F), det. F. Schumm 11.2004.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[12476], Griechenland, N-Samos, an den Sträßchen von Vourliotes zum Lazarou Massiv (Mt. Ambelos), 37°45.569' N, 26°50.625' E, 780 m. Leg. R. Düll, Wunder, F. Schumm 10.05.2006 (16), conf. A. Aptroot 2007.
Leif Stridvall
Courtesy: Anita Stridvall
Leif Stridvall
Courtesy: Anita Stridvall
Leif Stridvall
Courtesy: Anita Stridvall
Leif Stridvall
Courtesy: Anita Stridvall
Leif Stridvall
Courtesy: Anita Stridvall
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=394&lang=en
France, Guilvinec
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=394&lang=en
France, Crozon
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=394&lang=en
France, Le Fret
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=394&lang=en
France, Lesteven
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=394&lang=en
France, Lesteven
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=394&lang=en
France, Point Croix
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=394&lang=en
France, Point Croix
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=394&lang=en
France, Crozon
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=394&lang=en
France, Crozon
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=394&lang=en
France, Crozon
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=394&lang=en
France, Crozon
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=394&lang=en
France, Lesteven
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1057&lang=en
France, La Palue
forme ramicole - This form differs from the type by its less compact appearance and its often sterile more or less divided branches arranged without order, its rarer (but always terminal) apothecia. It comes on the small twigs of shrubs: Tamarix, Prunus... permanently subjected to winds and spray by the sea where several specimens form a set of intertwined twigs.
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1057&lang=en
France, La Palue
forme ramicole - This form differs from the type by its less compact appearance and its often sterile more or less divided branches arranged without order, its rarer (but always terminal) apothecia. It comes on the small twigs of shrubs: Tamarix, Prunus... permanently subjected to winds and spray by the sea where several specimens form a set of intertwined twigs.
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1057&lang=en
France, La Palue
forme ramicole - This form differs from the type by its less compact appearance and its often sterile more or less divided branches arranged without order, its rarer (but always terminal) apothecia. It comes on the small twigs of shrubs: Tamarix, Prunus... permanently subjected to winds and spray by the sea where several specimens form a set of intertwined twigs.
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1057&lang=en
France, La Palue
forme ramicole - This form differs from the type by its less compact appearance and its often sterile more or less divided branches arranged without order, its rarer (but always terminal) apothecia. It comes on the small twigs of shrubs: Tamarix, Prunus... permanently subjected to winds and spray by the sea where several specimens form a set of intertwined twigs.
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1057&lang=en
France, La Palue
forme ramicole - This form differs from the type by its less compact appearance and its often sterile more or less divided branches arranged without order, its rarer (but always terminal) apothecia. It comes on the small twigs of shrubs: Tamarix, Prunus... permanently subjected to winds and spray by the sea where several specimens form a set of intertwined twigs.
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1057&lang=en
France, Kerdreux
forme ramicole - This form differs from the type by its less compact appearance and its often sterile more or less divided branches arranged without order, its rarer (but always terminal) apothecia. It comes on the small twigs of shrubs: Tamarix, Prunus... permanently subjected to winds and spray by the sea where several specimens form a set of intertwined twigs.
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1057&lang=en
France, Kerdreux
forme ramicole - This form differs from the type by its less compact appearance and its often sterile more or less divided branches arranged without order, its rarer (but always terminal) apothecia. It comes on the small twigs of shrubs: Tamarix, Prunus... permanently subjected to winds and spray by the sea where several specimens form a set of intertwined twigs.
Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[VZ2073], Magna Britannia. Channel Islands: Alderney, St. Anne. Ad
truncum Ulmi. Leg. P. W. James, 04.1975. EX A. V ZDA: LICHENES
SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 2073.
Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[VZ2073], Magna Britannia. Channel Islands: Alderney, St. Anne. Ad
truncum Ulmi. Leg. P. W. James, 04.1975. EX A. V ZDA: LICHENES
SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 2073.
Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Erlangen
Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Erlangen
Triin Aimla; Owner: University of Tartu
Growth form: Fruticose
Substrata: bark
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: rare
Montane belt: common
Dry submediterranean belt: rather rare
Humid submediterranean belt: rather common
Padanian area: extremely rare
pH of the substrata:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Solar irradiation:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Aridity:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Eutrophication:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Poleotolerance:
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
Altitudinal distribution:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
Rarity
absent
extremely rare
very rare
rare
rather rare
rather common
common
very common
extremely common
Loading data...
Occurrence data
Predictive map
Current prediction (1981-2010)Future prediction (2071-2100) SSP 1-2.6Future prediction (2071-2100) SSP 5-8.5Predictive maps according to Francesconi et al. 2025
Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (32529)
2001/12/07
Andres Saag; Owner: University of Tartu
Harry Taylor; Owner: Natural History Museum London
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[1431], Österreich, Land Salzburg, Steir. Salzkammergut, Mitterndorf bei der Sonnenalm, an Laubbaum. Leg. et det. F. Schumm 01.01.1969
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[5518], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Zollernalbkreis, Lochenstein südlich von Balingen, Weißjura, ca. 964 m, 48°13.048’ N, 8°51.075’ E; auf Fraxinus, TK: 7719/3. Leg. F. Schumm & U. Schwarz 25.04.1999, det. F. Schumm.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[5518], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Zollernalbkreis, Lochenstein südlich von Balingen, Weißjura, ca. 964 m, 48°13.048’ N, 8°51.075’ E; auf Fraxinus, TK: 7719/3. Leg. F. Schumm & U. Schwarz 25.04.1999, det. F. Schumm.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[11845], Spanien, Balearen, Mallorca, Serranias de Levante, Nordostküste bei Capdepera, in Kiefernwald oberhalb des Sportplatzes, epiphytisch, 120 m. Leg. A. Schäfer-Verwimp 2.04.1985 (Nr. Ma 33 F), det. F. Schumm 11.2004.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[11845], Spanien, Balearen, Mallorca, Serranias de Levante, Nordostküste bei Capdepera, in Kiefernwald oberhalb des Sportplatzes, epiphytisch, 120 m. Leg. A. Schäfer-Verwimp 2.04.1985 (Nr. Ma 33 F), det. F. Schumm 11.2004.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[11845], Spanien, Balearen, Mallorca, Serranias de Levante, Nordostküste bei Capdepera, in Kiefernwald oberhalb des Sportplatzes, epiphytisch, 120 m. Leg. A. Schäfer-Verwimp 2.04.1985 (Nr. Ma 33 F), det. F. Schumm 11.2004.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[11845], Spanien, Balearen, Mallorca, Serranias de Levante, Nordostküste bei Capdepera, in Kiefernwald oberhalb des Sportplatzes, epiphytisch, 120 m. Leg. A. Schäfer-Verwimp 2.04.1985 (Nr. Ma 33 F), det. F. Schumm 11.2004.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[11845], Spanien, Balearen, Mallorca, Serranias de Levante, Nordostküste bei Capdepera, in Kiefernwald oberhalb des Sportplatzes, epiphytisch, 120 m. Leg. A. Schäfer-Verwimp 2.04.1985 (Nr. Ma 33 F), det. F. Schumm 11.2004.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[11845], Spanien, Balearen, Mallorca, Serranias de Levante, Nordostküste bei Capdepera, in Kiefernwald oberhalb des Sportplatzes, epiphytisch, 120 m. Leg. A. Schäfer-Verwimp 2.04.1985 (Nr. Ma 33 F), det. F. Schumm 11.2004.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[11845], Spanien, Balearen, Mallorca, Serranias de Levante, Nordostküste bei Capdepera, in Kiefernwald oberhalb des Sportplatzes, epiphytisch, 120 m. Leg. A. Schäfer-Verwimp 2.04.1985 (Nr. Ma 33 F), det. F. Schumm 11.2004.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[12476], Griechenland, N-Samos, an den Sträßchen von Vourliotes zum Lazarou Massiv (Mt. Ambelos), 37°45.569' N, 26°50.625' E, 780 m. Leg. R. Düll, Wunder, F. Schumm 10.05.2006 (16), conf. A. Aptroot 2007.
Leif Stridvall
Courtesy: Anita Stridvall
Leif Stridvall
Courtesy: Anita Stridvall
Leif Stridvall
Courtesy: Anita Stridvall
Leif Stridvall
Courtesy: Anita Stridvall
Leif Stridvall
Courtesy: Anita Stridvall
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=394&lang=en
France, Guilvinec
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=394&lang=en
France, Crozon
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=394&lang=en
France, Le Fret
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=394&lang=en
France, Lesteven
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=394&lang=en
France, Lesteven
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=394&lang=en
France, Point Croix
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=394&lang=en
France, Point Croix
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=394&lang=en
France, Crozon
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=394&lang=en
France, Crozon
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=394&lang=en
France, Crozon
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=394&lang=en
France, Crozon
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=394&lang=en
France, Lesteven
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1057&lang=en
France, La Palue
forme ramicole - This form differs from the type by its less compact appearance and its often sterile more or less divided branches arranged without order, its rarer (but always terminal) apothecia. It comes on the small twigs of shrubs: Tamarix, Prunus... permanently subjected to winds and spray by the sea where several specimens form a set of intertwined twigs.
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1057&lang=en
France, La Palue
forme ramicole - This form differs from the type by its less compact appearance and its often sterile more or less divided branches arranged without order, its rarer (but always terminal) apothecia. It comes on the small twigs of shrubs: Tamarix, Prunus... permanently subjected to winds and spray by the sea where several specimens form a set of intertwined twigs.
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1057&lang=en
France, La Palue
forme ramicole - This form differs from the type by its less compact appearance and its often sterile more or less divided branches arranged without order, its rarer (but always terminal) apothecia. It comes on the small twigs of shrubs: Tamarix, Prunus... permanently subjected to winds and spray by the sea where several specimens form a set of intertwined twigs.
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1057&lang=en
France, La Palue
forme ramicole - This form differs from the type by its less compact appearance and its often sterile more or less divided branches arranged without order, its rarer (but always terminal) apothecia. It comes on the small twigs of shrubs: Tamarix, Prunus... permanently subjected to winds and spray by the sea where several specimens form a set of intertwined twigs.
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1057&lang=en
France, La Palue
forme ramicole - This form differs from the type by its less compact appearance and its often sterile more or less divided branches arranged without order, its rarer (but always terminal) apothecia. It comes on the small twigs of shrubs: Tamarix, Prunus... permanently subjected to winds and spray by the sea where several specimens form a set of intertwined twigs.
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1057&lang=en
France, Kerdreux
forme ramicole - This form differs from the type by its less compact appearance and its often sterile more or less divided branches arranged without order, its rarer (but always terminal) apothecia. It comes on the small twigs of shrubs: Tamarix, Prunus... permanently subjected to winds and spray by the sea where several specimens form a set of intertwined twigs.
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1057&lang=en
France, Kerdreux
forme ramicole - This form differs from the type by its less compact appearance and its often sterile more or less divided branches arranged without order, its rarer (but always terminal) apothecia. It comes on the small twigs of shrubs: Tamarix, Prunus... permanently subjected to winds and spray by the sea where several specimens form a set of intertwined twigs.
Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[VZ2073], Magna Britannia. Channel Islands: Alderney, St. Anne. Ad truncum Ulmi. Leg. P. W. James, 04.1975. EX A. V ZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 2073.
Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[VZ2073], Magna Britannia. Channel Islands: Alderney, St. Anne. Ad truncum Ulmi. Leg. P. W. James, 04.1975. EX A. V ZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 2073.
Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Erlangen
Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Erlangen
