Thalloidima diffractum (A. Massal.) A. Massal.
Mem. Lichenogr.: 121, 1853.. Basionym: Thalloidima vesiculare var. diffractum A. Massal. - Ric. Auton. Lich. Crost.: 95, 1852.
Synonyms: Biatorina diffracta (A. Massal.) Jatta; Toninia diffracta (A. Massal.) Zahlbr.
Description: Thallus squamulose, pale grey, but densely covered by a white, granular, smooth or shallowly fissured pruina, more rarely partly epruinose, the squamules more or less orbicular, up to 3(-4) mm wide, initially scattered, later sometimes contiguous but not forming rosettes, weakly to strongly convex; lower surface pale grey to brownish. Upper cortex 30-70 μm thick, lacking an epinecral layer, encrusted with crystals of calcium oxalates; medulla white, often with crystals; lower cortex thinner than upper cortex, without crystals. Apothecia frequent, lecideine, round, sessile, strongly constricted at base, up to 1.5 mm across, with a black, more or less pruinose, flat to weakly convex, smooth disc and a distinct, smooth, persistent proper margin. Proper exciple brown to dark reddish brown throughout, sometimes with a darker grey rim, in which case it reacts K+ and N+ violet; epithecium grey, K+ and N+ violet; hymenium colourless, 40-70 μm high; paraphyses simple or sparingly branched and anastomosing in upper part, thin-walled, the apical cell distinctly swollen and covered by a gelatinous pigment cap; hypothecium brown in upper part, paler brown below. Asci 8-spored, clavate, surrounded by a gelatinous I+ blue coat, with a well-developed I+ blue tholus with a I+ darker blue tube and a well-developed ocular chamber, Bacidia-type. Ascospores 1-septate, hyaline, fusiform, 14-22(-26) x 3-5 μm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: thallus K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: thallus without lichen substances or with unidentified terpenoids, Sedifolia-grey pigment in apothecia.
Growth form: Squamulose
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Subcontinental: restricted to areas with a dry-subcontinental climate (e.g. dry Alpine valleys, parts of Mediterranean Italy)
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: rare
Subalpine belt: rather rare
Montane belt: rather common
Dry submediterranean belt: common
Humid submediterranean belt: common
Padanian area: absent
pH of the substrata:
1 2 3 4 5
Solar irradiation:
1 2 3 4 5
Aridity:
1 2 3 4 5
Eutrophication:
1 2 3 4 5
Poleotolerance:
0 1 2 3
Altitudinal distribution:
1 2 3 4 5 6
Rarity
absent
extremely rare
very rare
rare
rather rare
rather common
common
very common
extremely common
Loading data...
Occurrence data
Predictive map
Einar Timdal - Source: http://nhm2.uio.no/lav/web/index.html - CC BY-NC
Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[12284], Griechenland, N-Samos, bei Manolates südlich von Agios Konstandinos, 37°47.185'N, 26°49.533'E, 341 m; halbschattige bis besonnte Terrassenmauern; Glimmerschiefer.
Leg. Schumm 02.05.2006, det. Schumm 2006.
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[12284], Griechenland, N-Samos, bei Manolates südlich von Agios Konstandinos, 37°47.185'N, 26°49.533'E, 341 m; halbschattige bis besonnte Terrassenmauern; Glimmerschiefer. Leg. Schumm 02.05.2006, det. Schumm 2006.
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[12284], Griechenland, N-Samos, bei Manolates südlich von Agios Konstandinos, 37°47.185'N, 26°49.533'E, 341 m; halbschattige bis besonnte Terrassenmauern; Glimmerschiefer. Leg. Schumm 02.05.2006, det. Schumm 2006.
P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 338958
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (33858)
2001/12/03
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_T/Textes_T2/Thalloidima_diffractum.htm
France, session AFL 2010 - Hérault
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_T/Textes_T2/Thalloidima_diffractum.htm
France, session AFL 2010 - Hérault
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_T/Textes_T2/Thalloidima_diffractum.htm
France, session AFL 2010 - Hérault
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_T/Textes_T2/Thalloidima_diffractum.htm
France, Mont Cenis - Vanoise - Haute-Savoie
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_T/Textes_T2/Thalloidima_diffractum.htm
France, 14/9/2015 - Flaines, les grandes platières - Haute-Savoie
Collezione lichenologica Abramo Massalongo del Museo di Storia Naturale G. Ligabue di Venezia - Autori: Seggi, Linda; Trabucco, Raffaella Proprietà: Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia - CC BY-NC
Italy, Veneto, in op. Tregnago
Growth form: Squamulose
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Subcontinental: restricted to areas with a dry-subcontinental climate (e.g. dry Alpine valleys, parts of Mediterranean Italy)
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: rare
Subalpine belt: rather rare
Montane belt: rather common
Dry submediterranean belt: common
Humid submediterranean belt: common
Padanian area: absent
pH of the substrata:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Solar irradiation:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Aridity:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Eutrophication:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Poleotolerance:
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
Altitudinal distribution:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
Rarity
absent
extremely rare
very rare
rare
rather rare
rather common
common
very common
extremely common
Loading data...
Occurrence data
Predictive map
Einar Timdal - Source: http://nhm2.uio.no/lav/web/index.html - CC BY-NC
Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[12284], Griechenland, N-Samos, bei Manolates südlich von Agios Konstandinos, 37°47.185'N, 26°49.533'E, 341 m; halbschattige bis besonnte Terrassenmauern; Glimmerschiefer.
Leg. Schumm 02.05.2006, det. Schumm 2006.
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[12284], Griechenland, N-Samos, bei Manolates südlich von Agios Konstandinos, 37°47.185'N, 26°49.533'E, 341 m; halbschattige bis besonnte Terrassenmauern; Glimmerschiefer. Leg. Schumm 02.05.2006, det. Schumm 2006.
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[12284], Griechenland, N-Samos, bei Manolates südlich von Agios Konstandinos, 37°47.185'N, 26°49.533'E, 341 m; halbschattige bis besonnte Terrassenmauern; Glimmerschiefer. Leg. Schumm 02.05.2006, det. Schumm 2006.
P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 338958
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (33858)
2001/12/03
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_T/Textes_T2/Thalloidima_diffractum.htm
France, session AFL 2010 - Hérault
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_T/Textes_T2/Thalloidima_diffractum.htm
France, session AFL 2010 - Hérault
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_T/Textes_T2/Thalloidima_diffractum.htm
France, session AFL 2010 - Hérault
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_T/Textes_T2/Thalloidima_diffractum.htm
France, Mont Cenis - Vanoise - Haute-Savoie
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_T/Textes_T2/Thalloidima_diffractum.htm
France, 14/9/2015 - Flaines, les grandes platières - Haute-Savoie
