Xanthomendoza fallax (Hepp) Søchting, Kärnefelt & S.Y. Kondr.
Mitt. Inst. allg. Bot. Hamburg, 30-32: 237, 2002.. Basionym: Placodium fallax Hepp - Flecht. Eur., XI. no. 633. 1860.
Synonyms: Lecanora candelaria var. substellaris Ach.; Oxneria huculica S.Y. Kondr.; Physcia controversa auct. ital. p.p. ; Physcia fallax Hepp ex Arnold nom. illegit. ; Xanthomendoza huculica (S.Y. Kondr.) Diederich; Xanthoria fallax Hepp ex Arnold; Xanthoria substellaris (Ach.) Vain.
Description: Thallus foliose, heteromerous, dorsiventral, orange to orange-yellow, adnate to loosely adnate, lobed, forming regular to irregular, 1-2(-3) cm wide rosettes which often coalesce to cover much larger surfaces. Lobes flattened, 2.5-5(-7) mm long, 0.7-2(-3) mm wide, smooth, at first with helmet-shaped soralia at the apex of short, inner, appressed lobes, formed between the upper and lower cortices, soon becoming crescent-shaped to almost crater-like, the soredia yellow, contrasting with the orange thallus colour. Lower surface white to yellow, somewhat wrinkled, with many short, white rhizines. Upper and lower cortex paraplectenchymatous; medulla white. Apothecia lecanorine, very rare, 0.5-0.7 mm across, laminal, stipitate, the margin initially smooth but often becoming sorediate. Thalline exciple paraplectenchymatous; proper exciple a strongly gelatined plectenchyma with unoriented, short-celled hyphae; epithecium orange-brown, K+ purple-red; hymenium colourless; paraphyses simple or sparingly branched; hypothecium colourless. Asci 8-spored, clavate, functionally unitunicate, apically thickened with a broad internal beak, the inner part of apex and external cap I+ blue, Teloschistes-type. Ascospores 2-celled, polarilocular, hyaline, ellipsoid, (10.5-)12-16 x (5-)6-7(-8) µm, the equatorial thickening (“septum”) 3-5(-6) µm. Pycnidia common, immersed to projecting, darker orange than thallus. Conidia short-bacilliform. Spot tests: thallus and soredia K+ purple-red, C-, KC-, P-, UV+ orange. Chemistry: parietin (major), fallacinal (major), emodin, teloschistin (major) and parietinic acid (chemosyndrome A3 of Søchting 1997).
Growth form: Foliose, narrow lobed
Substrata: bark
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly asexual, by soredia, or soredia-like structures (e.g. blastidia)
Subcontinental: restricted to areas with a dry-subcontinental climate (e.g. dry Alpine valleys, parts of Mediterranean Italy)
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Montane belt: rather rare
Dry submediterranean belt: very rare
Humid submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Padanian area: absent
pH of the substrata:
1 2 3 4 5
Solar irradiation:
1 2 3 4 5
Aridity:
1 2 3 4 5
Eutrophication:
1 2 3 4 5
Poleotolerance:
0 1 2 3
Altitudinal distribution:
1 2 3 4 5 6
Rarity
absent
extremely rare
very rare
rare
rather rare
rather common
common
very common
extremely common
Loading data...
Occurrence data
Predictive map
Current prediction (1981-2010)
Future prediction (2071-2100) SSP 1-2.6
Future prediction (2071-2100) SSP 5-8.5Predictive maps according to Francesconi et al. 2025
P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 998
Triin Aimla; Owner: University of Tartu
Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Slovenia, Lipica/Lipizza; altitude: 2
2008.02.21
Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Slovenia, Lipica/Lipizza; altitude: 2
2008.02.21
Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Slovenia, Lipica/Lipizza; altitude: 2
2008.02.21
Juri Nascimbene; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Trento, Villa Welsperg, Centro Visitatori del Parco di Paneveggio; altitude: 1030 m
03.04.2009
Juri Nascimbene; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Trento, Villa Welsperg, Centro Visitatori del Parco di Paneveggio; altitude: 1030 m
03.04.2009
Juri Nascimbene; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Trento, Villa Welsperg, Centro Visitatori del Parco di Paneveggio; altitude: 1030 m
03.04.2009
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Trieste, Trieste Karst, Rocca di Monrupino (Rupingrande)
07.07.2016
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Trieste, Trieste Karst, Rocca di Monrupino (Rupingrande)
07.07.2016
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Udine, Ampezzo Carnico, 650 m
09.09.2016
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Udine, Ampezzo Carnico, 650 m
09.09.2016
P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 998
P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 998
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (998)
2001/12/03
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
as X. huculica
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
as X. huculica
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1040&lang=en
France, Drôme
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1040&lang=en
France, Drôme
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1040&lang=en
France, Drôme
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1040&lang=en
France, Drôme
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1040&lang=en
France, Drôme
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1040&lang=en
France, Drôme
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1040&lang=en
France, Drôme
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1040&lang=en
France, Drôme
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1040&lang=en
France, Drôme
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1040&lang=en
France, Drôme
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1040&lang=en
France, Drôme
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1040&lang=en
France, Drôme
Source: Lindblom, L., Blom, H. H. & Timdal, E. 2019. The genus Xanthomendoza in Norway. Graphis Scripta 31 (7): 54–75. Oslo. ISSN 2002-4495 - CC BY-4.0
Xanthomendoza fallax. Field photograph of O-L-136166, Norway, Telemark, Skien. Scale bar: 2 mm.
Photo: E. Timdal 2005-05-07
Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Hohenfels
Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Hohenfels
Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Hohenfels
Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Lauterachtal
Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Lauterachtal
Growth form: Foliose, narrow lobed
Substrata: bark
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly asexual, by soredia, or soredia-like structures (e.g. blastidia)
Subcontinental: restricted to areas with a dry-subcontinental climate (e.g. dry Alpine valleys, parts of Mediterranean Italy)
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Montane belt: rather rare
Dry submediterranean belt: very rare
Humid submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Padanian area: absent
pH of the substrata:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Solar irradiation:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Aridity:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Eutrophication:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Poleotolerance:
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
Altitudinal distribution:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
Rarity
absent
extremely rare
very rare
rare
rather rare
rather common
common
very common
extremely common
Loading data...
Occurrence data
Predictive map
Current prediction (1981-2010)Future prediction (2071-2100) SSP 1-2.6Future prediction (2071-2100) SSP 5-8.5Predictive maps according to Francesconi et al. 2025
P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 998
Triin Aimla; Owner: University of Tartu
Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Slovenia, Lipica/Lipizza; altitude: 2
2008.02.21
Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Slovenia, Lipica/Lipizza; altitude: 2
2008.02.21
Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Slovenia, Lipica/Lipizza; altitude: 2
2008.02.21
Juri Nascimbene; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Trento, Villa Welsperg, Centro Visitatori del Parco di Paneveggio; altitude: 1030 m
03.04.2009
Juri Nascimbene; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Trento, Villa Welsperg, Centro Visitatori del Parco di Paneveggio; altitude: 1030 m
03.04.2009
Juri Nascimbene; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Trento, Villa Welsperg, Centro Visitatori del Parco di Paneveggio; altitude: 1030 m
03.04.2009
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Trieste, Trieste Karst, Rocca di Monrupino (Rupingrande)
07.07.2016
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Trieste, Trieste Karst, Rocca di Monrupino (Rupingrande)
07.07.2016
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Udine, Ampezzo Carnico, 650 m
09.09.2016
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Udine, Ampezzo Carnico, 650 m
09.09.2016
P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 998
P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 998
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (998)
2001/12/03
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
as X. huculica
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
as X. huculica
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1040&lang=en
France, Drôme
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1040&lang=en
France, Drôme
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1040&lang=en
France, Drôme
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1040&lang=en
France, Drôme
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1040&lang=en
France, Drôme
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1040&lang=en
France, Drôme
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1040&lang=en
France, Drôme
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1040&lang=en
France, Drôme
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1040&lang=en
France, Drôme
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1040&lang=en
France, Drôme
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1040&lang=en
France, Drôme
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1040&lang=en
France, Drôme
Source: Lindblom, L., Blom, H. H. & Timdal, E. 2019. The genus Xanthomendoza in Norway. Graphis Scripta 31 (7): 54–75. Oslo. ISSN 2002-4495 - CC BY-4.0
Xanthomendoza fallax. Field photograph of O-L-136166, Norway, Telemark, Skien. Scale bar: 2 mm. Photo: E. Timdal 2005-05-07
Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Hohenfels
Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Hohenfels
Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Hohenfels
Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Lauterachtal
