Kuettlingeria erythrocarpa (Pers.) I.V. Frolov, Vondrák & Arup

in Frolov & al., J. Syst. Evol. 59, 3: 468, 2020. Basionym: Patellaria erythrocarpa Pers. - Ann. Wetter. Gesellsch. ges. Naturk., 2: 12, 1801.
Synonyms: Blastenia arenaria sensu A. Massal.; Blastenia ferruginea var. metabasis A. Massal.; Blastenia lallavei (Clemente ex Ach.) A. Massal.; Callopisma arenarium auct.; Caloplaca arenaria auct. p.p. non (Pers.) Müll. Arg.; Caloplaca erythrocarpa (Pers.) Zwackh; Caloplaca erythrocarpa f. diffractoareolata B. de Lesd.; Caloplaca lallavei (Clemente ex Ach.) Flagey; Kuettlingeria lallavei (Clemente ex Ach.) Trevis.; Placodium lallavei (Clemente ex Ach.) Anzi
Description: Thallus crustose, episubstratic, chalky white, up to 0.7 mm thick, of flattened, angular areoles, the marginal ones sometimes elongate, giving the thallus a subplacodioid appearance, forming well-delimited, orbicular up to c. 5 cm wide patches, sometimes surrounded by a thin, dark prothallus. Cortex up to 60 μm thick, with abundant small crystals; medulla white. Apothecia frequent, lecanorine/zeorine, developing in the centre of areoles and in the central part of thallus, 0.4-1.5(-2) mm across, immersed to subsessile, with a flat, dark red to rust-red disc, a rust-red to orange (paler than disc) proper margin, and a finally often excluded, white thalline margin of variable thickness. Proper exciple orange in outer part, colourless within, the pigmented parts K+ purple-red, C+ purple; epithecium orange, K+ purple-red, C+ purple; hymenium colourless, 65-100 μm high; paraphyses simple or sparingly branched in upper part, not distinctly capitate; hypothecium colourless. Asci 8-spored, cylindrical-clavate, functionally unitunicate, apically thickened with a broad internal beak, the inner part of apex and external cap I+ blue, Teloschistes-type. Ascospores 2-celled, polarilocular, hyaline, ellipsoid, 12-16(-18) x 6-9(-10) μm, the equatorial thickening (“septum”) (3-)5-8 μm, up to 1/4 of spore length. Pycnidia common, immersed, appearing as dark dots. Conidia narrowly ellipsoid to bacilliform. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: thallus K-, C, KC-, P-; apothecia K+ purple-red, C+ purple (both disc and proper margin). Chemistry: thallus without lichen substances or with low amounts of the Sedifolia-grey pigment; apothecia with chlorinated anthraquinones in both margin and disc: 7-chloroemodin (major), fragilin and emodin (minor), sometimes traces of parietin.
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
paras Circinaria calcarea when young

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Montane belt: rather rare
Dry submediterranean belt: very common
Humid submediterranean belt: extremely common
Padanian area: rare

pH of the substrata:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Rarity

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Predictive map

Pier Luigi Nimis - Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 37173


P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (7207)
2001/11/13


A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Erice, dintorni della città
2008.04.05


A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Segesta, presso i templi
2008.04.05


A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Segesta, presso i templi
2008.04.05


Manilio Prignano; Owner: Manilio Prignano
Italia, M. Navegna, Appennino Centrale
2010


Manilio Prignano; Owner: Manilio Prignano
Italia, M. Navegna, Appennino Centrale
2010


Juri Nascimbene – CC BY-SA 4.0; Owner: Department of ùLife Sciences, University of Trieste
Vette Feltrine, Veneto, Italy


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[12291], Griechenland, N-Samos, bei Manolates südlich von Agios Konstandinos, 37°47.185'N, 26°49.533'E, 341 m; halbschattige bis besonnte Terrassenmauern. Leg Schumm 02.05.2006, det. Schumm 2006.


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[13404], Griechenland, S-Kreta, Gebirgszug zwischen Pombia und Pigedakia, westl. des Gipfels Vigla, 34°59.880' N, 24°52.150' E, 420 m. Leg. F. Schumm & R. Düll, 16.10.2007, det. A. Aptroot 2016.


Domenico Puntillo; Owner: Domenico Puntillo
Italy


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[13404], Griechenland, S-Kreta, Gebirgszug zwischen Pombia und Pigedakia, westl. des Gipfels Vigla, 34°59.880' N, 24°52.150' E, 420 m. Leg. F. Schumm & R. Düll, 16.10.2007, det. A. Aptroot 2016.


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[13572], Griechenland, S-Kreta, Asteroussia Berge, Blockhalde nordöstlich von Ethia in Richtung Keraies, 34°59.526' N, 25°12.693' E, 830 m. Leg. F. Schumm & R. Düll, 25.10.2007, det. A. Aptroot 2016.


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[13572], Griechenland, S-Kreta, Asteroussia Berge, Blockhalde nordöstlich von Ethia in Richtung Keraies, 34°59.526' N, 25°12.693' E, 830 m. Leg. F. Schumm & R. Düll, 25.10.2007, det. A. Aptroot 2016.


Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/
Courtesy: Anita Stridvall


Nere Sorrentino
Spain, Canary Islands, Tenerife


Giulio Pandeli
Italy, Toscana


Giulio Pandeli
Italy, Toscana


Giulio Pandeli
Italy, Toscana


Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
TSB 37489


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[13404], Griechenland, S-Kreta, Gebirgszug zwischen Pombia und Pigedakia, westl. des Gipfels Vigla, 34°59.880' N, 24°52.150' E, 420 m. Leg. F. Schumm & R. Düll, 16.10.2007, det. A. Aptroot 2016.


Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
TSB 37489


Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
TSB 37489


Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
TSB 37489


Pier Luigi Nimis - Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 37173


Pier Luigi Nimis - Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 37173


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=911&lang=en
Greece, parasitant Aspicilia calcarea Crète Héraklion


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=911&lang=en
Greece, parasitant Aspicilia calcarea Crète Héraklion


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=911&lang=en
Greece, parasitant Aspicilia calcarea Crète Héraklion


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=911&lang=en
Italy, Sardinia


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=911&lang=en
France, Povence, Manosque


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=911&lang=en
France, Povence, Manosque


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=911&lang=en
France, Povence, Manosque


Jaques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=911&lang=en
France, Drôme provençale


Jaques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=911&lang=en
France, Drôme provençale


Jaques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=911&lang=en
France, Drôme provençale


Jaques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=911&lang=en
France, Drôme provençale


Jaques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=911&lang=en
France, Drôme provençale


Jaques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=911&lang=en
France, Drôme provençale


Jaques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=911&lang=en
France, Drôme provençale


Jaques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=911&lang=en
France, Drôme provençale


Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Buffavento Castle (and surroundings); 3.


Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Buffavento Castle (and surroundings); 3.


Collezione lichenologica Abramo Massalongo del Museo di Storia Naturale G. Ligabue di Venezia - Autori: Seggi, Linda; Trabucco, Raffaella Proprietà: Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia - CC BY-NC
Italy, Veneto, in op. Tregnago 1855
as Blastenia lallavei


Collezione lichenologica Abramo Massalongo del Museo di Storia Naturale G. Ligabue di Venezia - Autori: Seggi, Linda; Trabucco, Raffaella Proprietà: Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia - CC BY-NC
Italy, Veneto, in op. Tregnago (Rara)
as Blastenia lallavei