Cladonia furcata (Huds.) Schrad. subsp. furcata

Spicil. Fl. Germ.: 107, 1794. Basionym: Lichen furcatus Huds. - Fl. Angl.: 458, 1762.
Synonyms: Cladonia furcata var. corymbosa (Ach.) Nyl.; Cladonia furcata var. palamaea (Ach.) Nyl.; Cladonia furcata var. pinnata (Flörke) Vain.; Cladonia furcata var. racemosa (Hoffm.) Flörke; Cladonia racemosa Hoffm.
Description: Primary thallus squamulose, the squamules mostly ephemeral, middle-sized, 1-4 mm long, 1-3 mm wide, crenate, ascending, glaucescent above, white beneath. Podetia elongate, hollow inside, anisotomically branched, up to 8(-10) cm tall, 0.7-2 mm thick, greenish-grey to brown in sun-forms, forming irregular and loose tufts, with pointed apices and a smooth surface, sparsely squamulose, the squamules 2-3 mm long and c. 2 mm wide; fertile podetia thicker, often perforate, the tips longitudinally fissurate, flattened, sometimes forming a pseudo-cup with involute margins. Algal layer continuous or forming a mosaic intersected by thin white lines, or dispersed in scattered (not raised) clusters. Apothecia rare, dark brown, convex, sometimes arranged in corymbose clusters. Asci 8-spored, clavate, thickened at apex, with a K/I+ blue tholus and a K/I+ strongly blue outer gelatinous sheath, Cladonia-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid. Pycnidia dark, semi-immersed on the tips of podetia, with a colourless jelly. Conidia hyaline, curved. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests and chemistry: chemically variable, with the following chemotypes (all of them C-, KC-, UV-): 1) K- or K+ yellowish slowly turning brown, P+ red (fumarprotocetraric acid complex, sometimes with traces of physodalic and/or hypoprotocetraric acids), 2) K- or K+ yellowish slowly turning brown, P+ red (fumarprotocetraric acid complex and bourgeanic acid), 3) K- or K+ yellowish slowly turning brown, P+ red (fumarprotocetraric acid complex, psoromic and conpsoromic acids), 4) K+ yellow sometimes slowly turning brownish, P+ red (atranorin, fumarprotocetraric acid complex), 5) K+ yellow, P+ yellow (atranorin, psoromic and conpsoromic acids), 6) K-, P+ yellow (psoromic and conpsoromic acids), 7) K+ yellow, P– (atranorin and bourgeanic acid, with traces of fumarprotocetraric acid).
Growth form: Fruticose

Substrata: soil, terricolous mosses, and plant debris
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: rare
Subalpine belt: rather rare
Montane belt: rather common
Dry submediterranean belt: rather rare
Humid submediterranean belt: common
Padanian area: extremely rare

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Rarity

absent
extremely rare
very rare
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rather common
common
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extremely common
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Occurrence data
Predictive map
Model ImageCurrent prediction (1981-2010)
Model ImageFuture prediction (2071-2100) SSP 1-2.6
Model ImageFuture prediction (2071-2100) SSP 5-8.5
Predictive maps according to Francesconi et al. 2025

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19479], Germany, Schwarzwald, Kreis Freudenstadt, an der Ruhsteinstraße 1 km NW der Darmstädter Hütte und 2.4 km SE vom Mummelsee, Granitbkockhalde. 48.58035° N, 8,22090° E, 930 m, Granitblockhalde. Leg. F. Schumm, 6.9.2016, det. F. Schumm.
var. pinnata


P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (11461)
2001/12/04
detail of squamules on podetia


Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italia, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, UD, Comune di Sauris, Bosco della Stua presso il Lago
2008.26.08


Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italia, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, UD, Comune di Sauris, Bosco della Stua presso il Lago
2008.26.08


Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italia, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, UD, Comune di Sauris, Bosco della Stua presso il Lago
2008.26.08


Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV); Owner: Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV)


Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV); Owner: Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV)


Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV); Owner: Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV)


Antonio Valero; Owner: Antonio Valero
Spain
2010


Antonio Valero; Owner: Antonio Valero
Spain
2010


P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Udine, Ampezzo Carnico, 650 m
09.09.2016


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[8568], PORTUGAL, MADEIRA, Ribeiro Frio, unmittelbar an der Straße oberhalb des Rastplatzes, Nordhang mit Lorbeerwald, N 32°44.072, W 16°53.230, 903 m. Leg. F. Schumm 14.04.2001, det Schumm, conf. Aptroot 2010.


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[8568], PORTUGAL, MADEIRA, Ribeiro Frio, unmittelbar an der Straße oberhalb des Rastplatzes, Nordhang mit Lorbeerwald, N 32°44.072, W 16°53.230, 903 m. Leg. F. Schumm 14.04.2001, det Schumm, conf. Aptroot 2010.


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[8568], PORTUGAL, MADEIRA, Ribeiro Frio, unmittelbar an der Straße oberhalb des Rastplatzes, Nordhang mit Lorbeerwald, N 32°44.072, W 16°53.230, 903 m. Leg. F. Schumm 14.04.2001, det Schumm, conf. Aptroot 2010.


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[8568], PORTUGAL, MADEIRA, Ribeiro Frio, unmittelbar an der Straße oberhalb des Rastplatzes, Nordhang mit Lorbeerwald, N 32°44.072, W 16°53.230, 903 m. Leg. F. Schumm 14.04.2001, det Schumm, conf. Aptroot 2010.


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[8568], PORTUGAL, MADEIRA, Ribeiro Frio, unmittelbar an der Straße oberhalb des Rastplatzes, Nordhang mit Lorbeerwald, N 32°44.072, W 16°53.230, 903 m. Leg. F. Schumm 14.04.2001, det Schumm, conf. Aptroot 2010.


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[8568], PORTUGAL, MADEIRA, Ribeiro Frio, unmittelbar an der Straße oberhalb des Rastplatzes, Nordhang mit Lorbeerwald, N 32°44.072, W 16°53.230, 903 m. Leg. F. Schumm 14.04.2001, det Schumm, conf. Aptroot 2010.


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[18965], Australia, New South Wales, Polblue Swamp, Barrington Tops State Forest, 50 km west-north-west of Gloucester, 31°58' S, 151°26' E, 1450 m, growing on soil beneath shrubs, swampy area. Leg. J.A. Elix (22903) & H. Streimann, 25.04.1990


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[18965], Australia, New South Wales, Polblue Swamp, Barrington Tops State Forest, 50 km west-north-west of Gloucester, 31°58' S, 151°26' E, 1450 m, growing on soil beneath shrubs, swampy area. Leg. J.A. Elix (22903) & H. Streimann, 25.04.1990


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[18965], Australia, New South Wales, Polblue Swamp, Barrington Tops State Forest, 50 km west-north-west of Gloucester, 31°58' S, 151°26' E, 1450 m, growing on soil beneath shrubs, swampy area. Leg. J.A. Elix (22903) & H. Streimann, 25.04.1990


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19479], Germany, Schwarzwald, Kreis Freudenstadt, an der Ruhsteinstraße 1 km NW der Darmstädter Hütte und 2.4 km SE vom Mummelsee, Granitbkockhalde. 48.58035° N, 8,22090° E, 930 m, Granitblockhalde. Leg. F. Schumm, 6.9.2016, det. F. Schumm.
var. pinnata


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19479], Germany, Schwarzwald, Kreis Freudenstadt, an der Ruhsteinstraße 1 km NW der Darmstädter Hütte und 2.4 km SE vom Mummelsee, Granitbkockhalde. 48.58035° N, 8,22090° E, 930 m, Granitblockhalde. Leg. F. Schumm, 6.9.2016, det. F. Schumm.
var. pinnata


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[8568], PORTUGAL, MADEIRA, Ribeiro Frio, unmittelbar an der Straße oberhalb des Rastplatzes, Nordhang mit Lorbeerwald, N 32°44.072, W 16°53.230, 903 m. Leg. F. Schumm 14.04.2001, det Schumm, conf. Aptroot 2010.,
HPTLC in den Laufmitteln A, B’ und C nach Säurebehandlung bei Tageslicht und 366 nm UVLangwelle. 1: Start, 4: Position von Norstictinsäure 7: Position von Atranorin pr: Protocetrarsäure, fpr: Fumarprotocetrarsäure


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[18169], Brasilien, Rio de Janeiro, Serra da Mantiqueira, Itatiaia, zwischen Registro do Picú und Agulhas Negras, am Rande eines dichten, feuchten Bergregenwaldes, zwischen Moosen, 2200 m, 22°20’ S, 44°45’ W. Leg. K. Kalb & G. Plöbst, 23.07.1978, det. T. Ahti. KALB: LICHENES NEOTROPICI 214.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[18169], Brasilien, Rio de Janeiro, Serra da Mantiqueira, Itatiaia, zwischen Registro do Picú und Agulhas Negras, am Rande eines dichten, feuchten Bergregenwaldes, zwischen Moosen, 2200 m, 22°20’ S, 44°45’ W. Leg. K. Kalb & G. Plöbst, 23.07.1978, det. T. Ahti. KALB: LICHENES NEOTROPICI 214.


Gabriele Gheza - https://lichenidilombardia.home.blog
Italy, Lombardia, Sondrio, Pian Gembro, 1400 m
08/2018


Gabriele Gheza - https://lichenidilombardia.home.blog
Italy, Lombardia, Milano, Motta Visconti, valle del Ticino, 76 m
29/01/2021


Gabriele Gheza - https://lichenidilombardia.home.blog
Italy, Lombardia, Milano, Motta Visconti, valle del Ticino, 76 m
29/01/2021


Gabriele Gheza - https://lichenidilombardia.home.blog
Italy, Lombardia, Brescia, Sonico, 1350 m
17/08/2020


Gabriele Gheza - https://lichenidilombardia.home.blog
Italy, Lombardia, Brescia, Corteno Golgi, 1450 m
08/2018


Gabriele Gheza - https://lichenidilombardia.home.blog
Italy, Lombardia, Brescia, Corteno Golgi, 1450 m
08/2018


Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/


Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/


Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/


Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/


Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/


Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=190&lang=en
France, Poullaouen-mine
as subsp. furcata var. furcata


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=190&lang=en
France, Ile Vierge
as subsp. furcata var. furcata


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=190&lang=en
France, St. Herbot
as subsp. furcata var. furcata


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=190&lang=en
France, Trez Bihan
as subsp. furcata var. furcata


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=806&lang=en
France, St. Herbot
as subsp. furcata var. corymbosa


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=806&lang=en
France, St. Herbot
as subsp. furcata var. corymbosa


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=806&lang=en
France, St. Herbot
as subsp. furcata var. corymbosa


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=806&lang=en
France, Jura
as subsp. furcata var. corymbosa


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=806&lang=en
France, Jura
as subsp. furcata var. corymbosa


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=806&lang=en
France, Jura
as subsp. furcata var. corymbosa


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=807&lang=en
France, Pointe de Treberon
as subsp. palamaea


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=807&lang=en
France, Pointe de Treberon
as subsp. palamaea


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=807&lang=en
France, Manosque
as subsp. palamaea


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=807&lang=en
France, Manosque
as subsp. palamaea


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=808&lang=en
France, Corse, Tartagine
as subsp. furcata var. pinnata


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=808&lang=en
France, Corse, Tartagine
as subsp. furcata var. pinnata


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=808&lang=en
France, Corse, Tartagine
as subsp. furcata var. pinnata


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=808&lang=en
France, Crozon Kador
as subsp. furcata var. pinnata


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=808&lang=en
France, St. Herbot
as subsp. furcata var. pinnata


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=808&lang=en
France, St. Herbot
as subsp. furcata var. pinnata


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=808&lang=en
France, Pointe du Menhir
as subsp. furcata var. pinnata


Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.


Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Central Europe; Germany; Baden-Württemberg: Black Forest.


Marta González Garcia - Centro de Estudios Micologicos Asturianos
Spain, Arrojo (Quirós-Asturias), 18-VII-2023, sobre una malla decorativa rellena de tierra, leg. & det. M. González, conf. Ana Rosa Burgaz, MGG-40.


Marta González Garcia - Centro de Estudios Micologicos Asturianos
Spain, Arrojo (Quirós-Asturias), 18-VII-2023, sobre una malla decorativa rellena de tierra, leg. & det. M. González, conf. Ana Rosa Burgaz, MGG-40.


Marta González Garcia - Centro de Estudios Micologicos Asturianos
Spain, Arrojo (Quirós-Asturias), 18-VII-2023, sobre una malla decorativa rellena de tierra, leg. & det. M. González, conf. Ana Rosa Burgaz, MGG-40.


Marta González Garcia - Centro de Estudios Micologicos Asturianos
Spain, Arrojo (Quirós-Asturias), 18-VII-2023, sobre una malla decorativa rellena de tierra, leg. & det. M. González, conf. Ana Rosa Burgaz, MGG-40.


Marta González Garcia - Centro de Estudios Micologicos Asturianos
Spain, Arrojo (Quirós-Asturias), 18-VII-2023, sobre una malla decorativa rellena de tierra, leg. & det. M. González, conf. Ana Rosa Burgaz, MGG-40.


Marta González Garcia - Centro de Estudios Micologicos Asturianos
Spain, Arrojo (Quirós-Asturias), 18-VII-2023, sobre una malla decorativa rellena de tierra, leg. & det. M. González, conf. Ana Rosa Burgaz, MGG-40.


Marta González Garcia - Centro de Estudios Micologicos Asturianos
Spain, Arrojo (Quirós-Asturias), 18-VII-2023, sobre una malla decorativa rellena de tierra, leg. & det. M. González, conf. Ana Rosa Burgaz, MGG-40.


Domenico Puntillo - CC BY 4.0
Italy, Calabria, Bosco di Mavigliano, Montalto Uffugo


Domenico Puntillo - CC BY 4.0
Italy, Calabria, Bosco di Mavigliano, Montalto Uffugo


Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Erlangen


Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Rauher Kulm


Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Röhrach


Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Roding


Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Germany, Bavaria, Roding


Triin Aimla; Owner: University of Tartu


Zahlbruckner A. 1926. Lichenes (Flechten). In: Engler A. (ed.): Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien. 2nd ed., vol 8, W. Engelmann, Leipzig, 270 pp.