Thermutis velutina (Ach.) Flot.
Linnaea, 23: 170, 1850. Basionym: Lichen velutinus Ach. - Lichenogr. Suec. Prodr.: 218, 1799.
Synonyms: Collema pannosum Hoffm.; Collema velutinum (Ach.) Ach.; Collema velutinum var. pannosum (Hoffm.) Rabenh.; Gonionema velutinum (Ach.) Nyl.
Description: Thallus minutely filamentous, forming up to 1 cm wide mats or flattened pillows on the rock, consisting of 10-12(-15) µm thick, simple or branched, brown-black, more or less ascending filaments without a central strand, each filament including a row of cells of Scytonema, whose gelatinous sheath is loosely infected with a few elongated hyphae, some of which usually produce haustoria that penetrate the cyanobacterial cells. Apothecia biatorine pycnoascocarps, 0.2-0.5 mm across, arising laterally on the filaments, dark reddish brown, with a concave, poriform disc, and a thick proper margin. Proper exciple of loosely intertwined hyphae, brown in outer part, colourless within; hymenium 100-150 µm high, colourless or brownish in upper part, K/I+ blue; paraphyses simple, thickened at apex; hypothecium colourless. Asci 8(-12)-spored, cylindrical, thin-walled, K/I+ blue. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid, 9-15 x 5-8 µm. Pycnidia arising laterally on the filaments, with a reddish brown ostiole. Conidia globose, formed terminally on the conidiophores, 1-2 μm wide. Photobiont cyanobacterial (Scytonema), the cells arranged in chains, 9-15 x 6-7 µm; photobiont trichomes with false branching, i.e. cell divisions exclusively anticlinal; when the photobiont trichome splits, the formerly connected ends start growing independently to form V-shaped branching (visible at least in younger parts of the thallus); trichomes often paired, but tips free and diverging. Spot tests: all negative. Chemistry: without lichen substances.
Growth form: Fruticose filamentous
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: cyanobacteria, filamentous (e.g. Nostoc, Scytonema)
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
On otherwise dry surfaces with short periods of water seepage after rain
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: very rare
Montane belt: extremely rare
Dry submediterranean belt: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Padanian area: absent
pH of the substrata:
1 2 3 4 5
Solar irradiation:
1 2 3 4 5
Aridity:
1 2 3 4 5
Eutrophication:
1 2 3 4 5
Poleotolerance:
0 1 2 3
Altitudinal distribution:
1 2 3 4 5 6
Rarity
absent
extremely rare
very rare
rare
rather rare
rather common
common
very common
extremely common
Loading data...
Occurrence data
Predictive map
Manuel Gil
Spain, Canary Islands, Lanzarote
Curtis Randall Björk – CC BY-SA 4.0
Clearwater Valley, British Columbia, Canada, on boulder at shore of white-water river
09.08.2015
Zahlbruckner A. 1926. Lichenes (Flechten). In: Engler A. (ed.): Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien. 2nd ed., vol 8, W. Engelmann, Leipzig, 270 pp.
Curtis Randall Björk – CC BY-SA 4.0
Clearwater Valley, British Columbia, Canada, on boulder at shore of white-water river
09.08.2015
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_T/Textes_T2/Thermutis_velutina.htm
France, 3/7/2011 - sur gabbro - session AFL en Corse
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_T/Textes_T2/Thermutis_velutina.htm
France, 3/7/2011 - sur gabbro - session AFL en Corse
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_T/Textes_T2/Thermutis_velutina.htm
France, 3/7/2011 - sur gabbro - session AFL en Corse
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_T/Textes_T2/Thermutis_velutina.htm
France, 3/7/2011 - sur gabbro - session AFL en Corse
Source: Prieto M., Wedin M., Schultz M. 2024. Phylogeny, evolution and a re-classification of the Lichinomycetes. Studies in Mycology, 109: 595-655. - CC BY-NC-ND
Thermutis velutina, filamentous, branches furcate, shape determined by Scytonema
cyanobiont, biatorine apothecia lateral (Lich. Fenn. 51b, W1903-638). Scale bar: 1 mm.
Growth form: Fruticose filamentous
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: cyanobacteria, filamentous (e.g. Nostoc, Scytonema)
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
On otherwise dry surfaces with short periods of water seepage after rain
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: very rare
Montane belt: extremely rare
Dry submediterranean belt: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Padanian area: absent
pH of the substrata:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Solar irradiation:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Aridity:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Eutrophication:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Poleotolerance:
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
Altitudinal distribution:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
Rarity
absent
extremely rare
very rare
rare
rather rare
rather common
common
very common
extremely common
Loading data...
Occurrence data
Predictive map
Manuel Gil
Spain, Canary Islands, Lanzarote
Curtis Randall Björk – CC BY-SA 4.0
Clearwater Valley, British Columbia, Canada, on boulder at shore of white-water river
09.08.2015
Zahlbruckner A. 1926. Lichenes (Flechten). In: Engler A. (ed.): Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien. 2nd ed., vol 8, W. Engelmann, Leipzig, 270 pp.
Curtis Randall Björk – CC BY-SA 4.0
Clearwater Valley, British Columbia, Canada, on boulder at shore of white-water river
09.08.2015
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_T/Textes_T2/Thermutis_velutina.htm
France, 3/7/2011 - sur gabbro - session AFL en Corse
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_T/Textes_T2/Thermutis_velutina.htm
France, 3/7/2011 - sur gabbro - session AFL en Corse
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_T/Textes_T2/Thermutis_velutina.htm
France, 3/7/2011 - sur gabbro - session AFL en Corse
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_T/Textes_T2/Thermutis_velutina.htm
France, 3/7/2011 - sur gabbro - session AFL en Corse
