Xalocoa ocellata (Fr.) Kraichak, Lücking & Lumbsch

in Kraichak & al., Austral. Syst. Bot., 26: 472, 2013. Basionym: Parmelia ocellata Fr. - Lich. Eur. Ref.: 190, 1831.
Synonyms: Diploschistes ocellatus (Fr.) Norman; Diploschistes ocellatus var. tuberculatus Werner; Lichen ocellatus Vill. nom. illegit.; Urceolaria ocellata (Fr.) DC.
Description: Thallus crustose, episubstratic, very thick, tightly attached when young, but older thalli often very loosely attached and tending to fall-off, verrucose-areolate, chalky white to pale grey, heavily pruinose. Areoles 0.4-3 mm wide and up to 4 mm thick, contiguous, usually irregularly convex to bullate. Cortex pseudoparenchymatous, covered by a distinct epinecral layer; medulla white, thick, I-. Apothecia lecanoroid, to 3.5 mm across, broadly attached, with a blackish, but often slightly grey-pruinose disc, and a thick, smooth, prominent, often sinuous thalline margin. Proper exciple thin, dark but not carbonized, , pseudoparenchymatous, without lateral paraphyses; epithecium poorly differentiated from the hymenium, colourless to dark grey; hymenium colourless, 100-150 µm high; paraphyses mostly simple, 1-1.5 mm thick, the apical cells not swollen; hypothecium colourless, 10-15 µm high. Asci 8-spored, cylindrical, the wall evenly thickened, lacking any apical apparatus, the contents K/I+ orange-red, the walls K/I-. Ascospores muriform with 3-6 transverse septa and 1-3 longitudinal septa, hyaline to finally brown, broadly ellipsoid, uniseriately arranged in the asci, (20-)24-27(-32) x (7-)10-12(-15) µm, non-amyloid. Pycnidia immersed, cerebriform. Conidia bacilliform, 4-7 x 1.1.5 µm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: thallus K+ yellow rapidly turning blood-red, C-, KC-, P+ orange, UV-. Chemistry: norstictic acid (major), connorstictic cryptostictic and stictic acids (minor).
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Montane belt: rare
Dry submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Humid submediterranean belt: rather rare
Padanian area: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Rarity

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common
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extremely common
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Occurrence data
Predictive map

P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 6950


Manilio Prignano; Owner: Manilio Prignano
Italia
2010


Manilio Prignano; Owner: Manilio Prignano
Italia, Sardegna, Supramonte
2010


Manilio Prignano; Owner: Manilio Prignano
Italia, Sardegna, Supramonte
2010


Manilio Prignano; Owner: Manilio Prignano
Italia, Sardegna, Supramonte
2010


Manilio Prignano; Owner: Manilio Prignano
Italia, Sardegna, Supramonte
2010


Helena Rodriguez
Spain, Galicia


Pier Luigi Nimis
Italy
TSB 41747


Pier Luigi Nimis
Italy
TSB 41747


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1117&lang=en
France, Provence, Manosque


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1117&lang=en
France, Provence, Manosque


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1117&lang=en
France, Provence, Manosque


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1117&lang=en
Spain, Esparron


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1117&lang=en
Spain, Esparron


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1117&lang=en
Spain, Esparron


Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[19015], Australia, South Australia, Eyre Peninsula, 19 km west of Iron Knob, 32°50' S, 137°01' E, 250 m, growing on soil in savannah with Casuarina, Myoporum and Santalum with an understorey of Chenopodium and Maireana. Leg. H. Th. Lumbsch (10734c) & J. Curnow, 05.09.1994, det. H.T . Lumbsch. Chemistry: norstictic acid (major), connorstictic acid (minor), unknown (minor) by TLC, anal. J. A. Elix. EX J. A. ELIX: LICHENES AUSTRALASICIC EXSICCATI NO. 279. - Own HPTLC p290/5.


Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[19015], Australia, South Australia, Eyre Peninsula, 19 km west of Iron Knob, 32°50' S, 137°01' E, 250 m, growing on soil in savannah with Casuarina, Myoporum and Santalum with an understorey of Chenopodium and Maireana. Leg. H. Th. Lumbsch (10734c) & J. Curnow, 05.09.1994, det. H.T . Lumbsch. Chemistry: norstictic acid (major), connorstictic acid (minor), unknown (minor) by TLC, anal. J. A. Elix. EX J. A. ELIX: LICHENES AUSTRALASICIC EXSICCATI NO. 279. - Own HPTLC p290/5.


Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[19015], Australia, South Australia, Eyre Peninsula, 19 km west of Iron Knob, 32°50' S, 137°01' E, 250 m, growing on soil in savannah with Casuarina, Myoporum and Santalum with an understorey of Chenopodium and Maireana. Leg. H. Th. Lumbsch (10734c) & J. Curnow, 05.09.1994, det. H.T . Lumbsch. Chemistry: norstictic acid (major), connorstictic acid (minor), unknown (minor) by TLC, anal. J. A. Elix. EX J. A. ELIX: LICHENES AUSTRALASICIC EXSICCATI NO. 279. - Own HPTLC p290/5.


Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[19015], Australia, South Australia, Eyre Peninsula, 19 km west of Iron Knob, 32°50' S, 137°01' E, 250 m, growing on soil in savannah with Casuarina, Myoporum and Santalum with an understorey of Chenopodium and Maireana. Leg. H. Th. Lumbsch (10734c) & J. Curnow, 05.09.1994, det. H.T . Lumbsch. Chemistry: norstictic acid (major), connorstictic acid (minor), unknown (minor) by TLC, anal. J. A. Elix. EX J. A. ELIX: LICHENES AUSTRALASICIC EXSICCATI NO. 279. - Own HPTLC p290/5.


Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[19015], Australia, South Australia, Eyre Peninsula, 19 km west of Iron Knob, 32°50' S, 137°01' E, 250 m, growing on soil in savannah with Casuarina, Myoporum and Santalum with an understorey of Chenopodium and Maireana. Leg. H. Th. Lumbsch (10734c) & J. Curnow, 05.09.1994, det. H.T . Lumbsch. Chemistry: norstictic acid (major), connorstictic acid (minor), unknown (minor) by TLC, anal. J. A. Elix. EX J. A. ELIX: LICHENES AUSTRALASICIC EXSICCATI NO. 279. - Own HPTLC p290/5.


Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[19015], Australia, South Australia, Eyre Peninsula, 19 km west of Iron Knob, 32°50' S, 137°01' E, 250 m, growing on soil in savannah with Casuarina, Myoporum and Santalum with an understorey of Chenopodium and Maireana. Leg. H. Th. Lumbsch (10734c) & J. Curnow, 05.09.1994, det. H.T . Lumbsch. Chemistry: norstictic acid (major), connorstictic acid (minor), unknown (minor) by TLC, anal. J. A. Elix. EX J. A. ELIX: LICHENES AUSTRALASICIC EXSICCATI NO. 279. - Own HPTLC p290/5.


Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[19015], Australia, South Australia, Eyre Peninsula, 19 km west of Iron Knob, 32°50' S, 137°01' E, 250 m, growing on soil in savannah with Casuarina, Myoporum and Santalum with an understorey of Chenopodium and Maireana. Leg. H. Th. Lumbsch (10734c) & J. Curnow, 05.09.1994, det. H.T . Lumbsch. Chemistry: norstictic acid (major), connorstictic acid (minor), unknown (minor) by TLC, anal. J. A. Elix. EX J. A. ELIX: LICHENES AUSTRALASICIC EXSICCATI NO. 279. - Own HPTLC p290/5.


Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[19015], Australia, South Australia, Eyre Peninsula, 19 km west of Iron Knob, 32°50' S, 137°01' E, 250 m, growing on soil in savannah with Casuarina, Myoporum and Santalum with an understorey of Chenopodium and Maireana. Leg. H. Th. Lumbsch (10734c) & J. Curnow, 05.09.1994, det. H.T . Lumbsch. Chemistry: norstictic acid (major), connorstictic acid (minor), unknown (minor) by TLC, anal. J. A. Elix. EX J. A. ELIX: LICHENES AUSTRALASICIC EXSICCATI NO. 279. - Own HPTLC p290/5.


Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[19015], Australia, South Australia, Eyre Peninsula, 19 km west of Iron Knob, 32°50' S, 137°01' E, 250 m, growing on soil in savannah with Casuarina, Myoporum and Santalum with an understorey of Chenopodium and Maireana. Leg. H. Th. Lumbsch (10734c) & J. Curnow, 05.09.1994, det. H.T . Lumbsch. Chemistry: norstictic acid (major), connorstictic acid (minor), unknown (minor) by TLC, anal. J. A. Elix. EX J. A. ELIX: LICHENES AUSTRALASICIC EXSICCATI NO. 279. - Own HPTLC p290/5.


Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[19015], Australia, South Australia, Eyre Peninsula, 19 km west of Iron Knob, 32°50' S, 137°01' E, 250 m, growing on soil in savannah with Casuarina, Myoporum and Santalum with an understorey of Chenopodium and Maireana. Leg. H. Th. Lumbsch (10734c) & J. Curnow, 05.09.1994, det. H.T . Lumbsch. Chemistry: norstictic acid (major), connorstictic acid (minor), unknown (minor) by TLC, anal. J. A. Elix. EX J. A. ELIX: LICHENES AUSTRALASICIC EXSICCATI NO. 279. - Own HPTLC p290/5.


Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[19015], Australia, South Australia, Eyre Peninsula, 19 km west of Iron Knob, 32°50' S, 137°01' E, 250 m, growing on soil in savannah with Casuarina, Myoporum and Santalum with an understorey of Chenopodium and Maireana. Leg. H. Th. Lumbsch (10734c) & J. Curnow, 05.09.1994, det. H.T . Lumbsch. Chemistry: norstictic acid (major), connorstictic acid (minor), unknown (minor) by TLC, anal. J. A. Elix. EX J. A. ELIX: LICHENES AUSTRALASICIC EXSICCATI NO. 279. - Own HPTLC p290/5.


Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[19015], Australia, South Australia, Eyre Peninsula, 19 km west of Iron Knob, 32°50' S, 137°01' E, 250 m, growing on soil in savannah with Casuarina, Myoporum and Santalum with an understorey of Chenopodium and Maireana. Leg. H. Th. Lumbsch (10734c) & J. Curnow, 05.09.1994, det. H.T . Lumbsch. Chemistry: norstictic acid (major), connorstictic acid (minor), unknown (minor) by TLC, anal. J. A. Elix. EX J. A. ELIX: LICHENES AUSTRALASICIC EXSICCATI NO. 279. - Own HPTLC p290/5.


Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[19015], Australia, South Australia, Eyre Peninsula, 19 km west of Iron Knob, 32°50' S, 137°01' E, 250 m, growing on soil in savannah with Casuarina, Myoporum and Santalum with an understorey of Chenopodium and Maireana. Leg. H. Th. Lumbsch (10734c) & J. Curnow, 05.09.1994, det. H.T . Lumbsch. Chemistry: norstictic acid (major), connorstictic acid (minor), unknown (minor) by TLC, anal. J. A. Elix. EX J. A. ELIX: LICHENES AUSTRALASICIC EXSICCATI NO. 279. - Own HPTLC p290/5.


Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[19015], Australia, South Australia, Eyre Peninsula, 19 km west of Iron Knob, 32°50' S, 137°01' E, 250 m, growing on soil in savannah with Casuarina, Myoporum and Santalum with an understorey of Chenopodium and Maireana. Leg. H. Th. Lumbsch (10734c) & J. Curnow, 05.09.1994, det. H.T . Lumbsch. Chemistry: norstictic acid (major), connorstictic acid (minor), unknown (minor) by TLC, anal. J. A. Elix. EX J. A. ELIX: LICHENES AUSTRALASICIC EXSICCATI NO. 279. - Own HPTLC p290/5.


Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[19015], Australia, South Australia, Eyre Peninsula, 19 km west of Iron Knob, 32°50' S, 137°01' E, 250 m, growing on soil in savannah with Casuarina, Myoporum and Santalum with an understorey of Chenopodium and Maireana. Leg. H. Th. Lumbsch (10734c) & J. Curnow, 05.09.1994, det. H.T . Lumbsch. Chemistry: norstictic acid (major), connorstictic acid (minor), unknown (minor) by TLC, anal. J. A. Elix. EX J. A. ELIX: LICHENES AUSTRALASICIC EXSICCATI NO. 279. - Own HPTLC p290/5.


Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[19015], Australia, South Australia, Eyre Peninsula, 19 km west of Iron Knob, 32°50' S, 137°01' E, 250 m, growing on soil in savannah with Casuarina, Myoporum and Santalum with an understorey of Chenopodium and Maireana. Leg. H. Th. Lumbsch (10734c) & J. Curnow, 05.09.1994, det. H.T . Lumbsch. Chemistry: norstictic acid (major), connorstictic acid (minor), unknown (minor) by TLC, anal. J. A. Elix. EX J. A. ELIX: LICHENES AUSTRALASICIC EXSICCATI NO. 279. - Own HPTLC p290/5.


Collezione lichenologica Abramo Massalongo del Museo di Storia Naturale G. Ligabue di Venezia - Autori: Seggi, Linda; Trabucco, Raffaella Proprietà: Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia - CC BY-NC
Italy, Veneto, in op. Montorio Massal. 1855
as Urceolaria ocellata


Collezione lichenologica Abramo Massalongo del Museo di Storia Naturale G. Ligabue di Venezia - Autori: Seggi, Linda; Trabucco, Raffaella Proprietà: Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia - CC BY-NC
Italy, Veneto, in op. Montorio Massal. 1855
as Urceolaria ocellata


Collezione lichenologica Abramo Massalongo del Museo di Storia Naturale G. Ligabue di Venezia - Autori: Seggi, Linda; Trabucco, Raffaella Proprietà: Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia - CC BY-NC
Italy, Veneto, in op. Montorio Tonini
as Urceolaria ocellata