Collema flaccidum (Ach.) Ach. | Dolichens

Collema flaccidum (Ach.) Ach.

Lichenogr. Univ.: 647, 1810. Basionym: Lichen flaccidus Ach. - K. Vetensk.-Akad. Nya Handl., 16: 14, 1795.

Synonyms: Collema atroplumbeum Hue; Collema furvum var. flaccidum (Ach.) Spreng.; Collema rupestre (Sw.) Rabenh.; Lathagrium rupestre (Sw.) A. Massal.; Lichen rupestris Sw. nom. illegit.; Parmelia flaccida (Ach.) Ach.; Synechoblastus flaccidus (Ach.) Körb.; Synechoblastus rupestris (Sw.) Trevis.

Description: Thallus foliose, homoiomerous, gelatinous when wet, blackish brown to black, 70-170(-200) µm thick when wet, smooth, loosely attached, up to 6 cm in diam. (usually less). Lobes (0.5-)1-2(-3) cm broad, rounded at apex, flattened, contiguous, appressed, with an entire, undulate, not swollen margin, with isidia-like outgrowths that are globular when young, but soon become flattened and squamiform, 0.2-0.5(-0.8) mm wide, diffuse and mostly simple. Lower surface usually paler, with sparse white hapters. Upper and lower cortex absent. Apothecia rare, lecanorine, sessile and constricted at base, up to 2.5(-3) mm across, with a reddish brown, epruinose or white-pruinose, flat to finally convex disc and a thin, entire, smooth, persistent or finally excluded thalline margin. Thalline exciple pseudocorticate; proper exciple subparaplectenchymatous to rarely almost euthyplectenchymatous; epithecium brownish; hymenium colourless, 90-130 µm high, I+ blue; paraphyses simple or sparingly branched, 2(-4) µm thick, with clavate to subglobose tips; hypothecium colourless. Asci 8-spored, cylindrical-clavate, the apex strongly thickened, the apical dome K/I+ pale blue, with a downwardly projecting K/I+ deep blue tubular structure. Ascospores transversely 3-5-septate, hyaline, fusiform-elongate, (20-)25-35(-40) x 6-7 µm. Pycnidia common, usually thicker than thallus. Conidia bacilliform, sometimes slightly thickened at the ends, straight, (3-)4-4.5(-6) x 1-1.5(-2) µm. Photobiont cyanobacterial (Nostoc, the cells in long chains). Spot tests: all negative. Chemistry: without lichen substances.

Growth form: Foliose, broad lobed

Substrata: bark and rocks

Photobiont: cyanobacteria, filamentous (e.g. Nostoc, Scytonema)

Reproductive strategy: mainly asexual, by isidia, or isidia-like structures (e.g. schizidia)

Most common in areas with a humid-warm climate (e.g. most of Tyrrenian Italy)

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent

Subalpine belt: absent

Montane belt: very rare

Dry submediterranean belt: extremely rare

Humid submediterranean belt: rather common

Padanian area: absent

pH of the substrata:

1

2

3

4

5

Solar irradiation:

1

2

3

4

5

Aridity:

1

2

3

4

5

Eutrophication:

1

2

3

4

5

Poleotolerance:

0

1

2

3

Altitudinal distribution:

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2

3

4

5

6

Rarity

absent

extremely rare

very rare

rare

rather rare

rather common

common

very common

extremely common

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Occurrence data

Predictive map

Model Image

Current prediction (1981-2010)

Model Image

Future prediction (2071-2100) SSP 1-2.6

Model Image

Future prediction (2071-2100) SSP 5-8.5

Predictive maps according to Francesconi et al. 2025

P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0

TSB 15001

P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Herbarium: TSB (11346)
2001/12/04

P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Herbarium: TSB (15001)
2008.03.06

P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Herbarium: TSB (15001)
2008.03.06

P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Herbarium: TSB (15001)
2008.03.06

Antonio Valero; Owner: Antonio Valero

Spain
2010

Antonio Valero; Owner: Antonio Valero

Spain
2010

Antonio Valero; Owner: Antonio Valero

Spain
2010

Domenico Puntillo - CC BY-SA 4.0

Italy
exceptionally fruiting species

Leif Stridvall

Courtesy: Anita Stridvall -Source: http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/

Leif Stridvall

Courtesy: Anita Stridvall -Source: http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/

Leif Stridvall

Courtesy: Anita Stridvall -Source: http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/

Leif Stridvall

Courtesy: Anita Stridvall -Source: http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/

Leif Stridvall

Courtesy: Anita Stridvall -Source: http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/

P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Herbarium: TSB (11346)
2001/12/04

Leif Stridvall Anita Stridvall -Source: http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_C/Collema_flaccidum.htm; Owner: -

France, session AFL 2015 dans le Lot, Autoire

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_C/Collema_flaccidum.htm; Owner: -

France, session AFL 2015 dans le Lot, Autoire

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_C/Collema_flaccidum.htm; Owner: -

France, session AFL 2015 dans le Lot, Autoire

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: https://italic.units.it/index.php?procedure=images2&taxon=1129

France, Cranou

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: https://italic.units.it/index.php?procedure=images2&taxon=1129

France, Cranou

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: https://italic.units.it/index.php?procedure=images2&taxon=1129

France, Source de la Bidouze

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: https://italic.units.it/index.php?procedure=images2&taxon=1129

France, Source de la Bidouze

Michel David - Source: https://italic.units.it/index.php?procedure=images2&taxon=1129

France, Landevennec, Abbaye

Michel David - Source: https://italic.units.it/index.php?procedure=images2&taxon=1129

France, Landevennec

Michel David - Source: https://italic.units.it/index.php?procedure=images2&taxon=1129

France, Landevennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: https://italic.units.it/index.php?procedure=images2&taxon=1129

France, Cranou

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: https://italic.units.it/index.php?procedure=images2&taxon=1129

France, Cranou

Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder

Austria; Alps: Kärnten.

Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder

Austria; Alps: Kärnten.

Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0

[VZ1257], Hungaria. Montes Matra, regio montis Agasvár, in vallerivuli Csörgö, 480 m. Ad saxa andesitica. Leg. G. Kiszely, T. Pócs et A.Vezda, 5.06.1974. - EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR.1257

Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0

[VZ1257], Hungaria. Montes Matra, regio montis Agasvár, in vallerivuli Csörgö, 480 m. Ad saxa andesitica. Leg. G. Kiszely, T. Pócs et A.Vezda, 5.06.1974. - EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR.1257

Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0

[VZR470], Germania. Bavaria, Berchtesgadener Land, Königsee, St.Bartholomä, 610 m. Ad corticem arboris (Tilia platyphyllos). Leg. &det. R. Türk & H. Wunder, 11.04.1989 - EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 470.

Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0

[VZR470], Germania. Bavaria, Berchtesgadener Land, Königsee, St.Bartholomä, 610 m. Ad corticem arboris (Tilia platyphyllos). Leg. &det. R. Türk & H. Wunder, 11.04.1989 - EX A. VEZDA: LICHENESRARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 470.

Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0

Germany, Bavaria, Elmaubachtal

Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0

Germany, Bavaria, Elmaubachtal

Collezione lichenologica Abramo Massalongo del Museo di Storia Naturale G. Ligabue di Venezia - Autori: Seggi, Linda; Trabucco, Raffaella Proprietà: Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia - CC BY-NC

Italy, Veneto, in nem. Montello
As Letagrium rupestre

Triin Aimla; Owner: University of Tartu

Degelius G. 1954. The lichen genus Collema in Europe: Morphology, Taxonomy, Ecology. Symbolae Bot. Upsal. 13, 2: 1-499.

Bologna

Biome

Pon

Trieste

Trieste