Astrothelium astrolucidum Aptroot & M. Cáceres



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[ISE28790], Brazil, Tocantins, near Itaguatins, 150 m, 5°44’58’’ S, 47°32’24’’ W, in cerrado on tree bark. Leg. M. Cáceres & A. Aptroot (ISE 28790), 22.10.2016, det. A. Aptroot, 2016. ISOTYPE
Thallus dull, ochraceous, not surrounded by a prothallus. Ascomata globose to pyriform, 0.4–0.6 mm diam., immersed in and below pseudostromata, in groups of 3–15. Pseudostroma ellipsoid to elongated or branched, occasionally forming a reticulum, orange pigmented on the surface, internally not pigmented. Ostioles lateral, fused, black. Hamathecium not inspersed. Ascospores 2/ascus, hyaline, regularly muriform, 150–190 × 40–50 μm, long-ellipsoid, more or less distinctly constricted but not thickened at the median septum, not surrounded by a gelatinous sheath. Pycnidia not observed. Chemistry. Thallus UV+ yellow, C–, P–, K–; pseudostroma UV+ orange, C–, P–, K+ blood red. TLC: Lichexanthone and an anthraquinone, probably parietin.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[ISE28790], Brazil, Tocantins, near Itaguatins, 150 m, 5°44’58’’ S, 47°32’24’’ W, in cerrado on tree bark. Leg. M. Cáceres & A. Aptroot (ISE 28790), 22.10.2016, det. A. Aptroot, 2016. ISOTYPE
Thallus dull, ochraceous, not surrounded by a prothallus. Ascomata globose to pyriform, 0.4–0.6 mm diam., immersed in and below pseudostromata, in groups of 3–15. Pseudostroma ellipsoid to elongated or branched, occasionally forming a reticulum, orange pigmented on the surface, internally not pigmented. Ostioles lateral, fused, black. Hamathecium not inspersed. Ascospores 2/ascus, hyaline, regularly muriform, 150–190 × 40–50 μm, long-ellipsoid, more or less distinctly constricted but not thickened at the median septum, not surrounded by a gelatinous sheath. Pycnidia not observed. Chemistry. Thallus UV+ yellow, C–, P–, K–; pseudostroma UV+ orange, C–, P–, K+ blood red. TLC: Lichexanthone and an anthraquinone, probably parietin.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[ISE28790], Brazil, Tocantins, near Itaguatins, 150 m, 5°44’58’’ S, 47°32’24’’ W, in cerrado on tree bark. Leg. M. Cáceres & A. Aptroot (ISE 28790), 22.10.2016, det. A. Aptroot, 2016. ISOTYPE
Thallus dull, ochraceous, not surrounded by a prothallus. Ascomata globose to pyriform, 0.4–0.6 mm diam., immersed in and below pseudostromata, in groups of 3–15. Pseudostroma ellipsoid to elongated or branched, occasionally forming a reticulum, orange pigmented on the surface, internally not pigmented. Ostioles lateral, fused, black. Hamathecium not inspersed. Ascospores 2/ascus, hyaline, regularly muriform, 150–190 × 40–50 μm, long-ellipsoid, more or less distinctly constricted but not thickened at the median septum, not surrounded by a gelatinous sheath. Pycnidia not observed. Chemistry. Thallus UV+ yellow, C–, P–, K–; pseudostroma UV+ orange, C–, P–, K+ blood red. TLC: Lichexanthone and an anthraquinone, probably parietin.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[ISE28790], Brazil, Tocantins, near Itaguatins, 150 m, 5°44’58’’ S, 47°32’24’’ W, in cerrado on tree bark. Leg. M. Cáceres & A. Aptroot (ISE 28790), 22.10.2016, det. A. Aptroot, 2016. ISOTYPE
Thallus dull, ochraceous, not surrounded by a prothallus. Ascomata globose to pyriform, 0.4–0.6 mm diam., immersed in and below pseudostromata, in groups of 3–15. Pseudostroma ellipsoid to elongated or branched, occasionally forming a reticulum, orange pigmented on the surface, internally not pigmented. Ostioles lateral, fused, black. Hamathecium not inspersed. Ascospores 2/ascus, hyaline, regularly muriform, 150–190 × 40–50 μm, long-ellipsoid, more or less distinctly constricted but not thickened at the median septum, not surrounded by a gelatinous sheath. Pycnidia not observed. Chemistry. Thallus UV+ yellow, C–, P–, K–; pseudostroma UV+ orange, C–, P–, K+ blood red. TLC: Lichexanthone and an anthraquinone, probably parietin.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[ISE28790], Brazil, Tocantins, near Itaguatins, 150 m, 5°44’58’’ S, 47°32’24’’ W, in cerrado on tree bark. Leg. M. Cáceres & A. Aptroot (ISE 28790), 22.10.2016, det. A. Aptroot, 2016. ISOTYPE
Thallus dull, ochraceous, not surrounded by a prothallus. Ascomata globose to pyriform, 0.4–0.6 mm diam., immersed in and below pseudostromata, in groups of 3–15. Pseudostroma ellipsoid to elongated or branched, occasionally forming a reticulum, orange pigmented on the surface, internally not pigmented. Ostioles lateral, fused, black. Hamathecium not inspersed. Ascospores 2/ascus, hyaline, regularly muriform, 150–190 × 40–50 μm, long-ellipsoid, more or less distinctly constricted but not thickened at the median septum, not surrounded by a gelatinous sheath. Pycnidia not observed. Chemistry. Thallus UV+ yellow, C–, P–, K–; pseudostroma UV+ orange, C–, P–, K+ blood red. TLC: Lichexanthone and an anthraquinone, probably parietin.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[ISE28790], Brazil, Tocantins, near Itaguatins, 150 m, 5°44’58’’ S, 47°32’24’’ W, in cerrado on tree bark. Leg. M. Cáceres & A. Aptroot (ISE 28790), 22.10.2016, det. A. Aptroot, 2016. ISOTYPE
Thallus dull, ochraceous, not surrounded by a prothallus. Ascomata globose to pyriform, 0.4–0.6 mm diam., immersed in and below pseudostromata, in groups of 3–15. Pseudostroma ellipsoid to elongated or branched, occasionally forming a reticulum, orange pigmented on the surface, internally not pigmented. Ostioles lateral, fused, black. Hamathecium not inspersed. Ascospores 2/ascus, hyaline, regularly muriform, 150–190 × 40–50 μm, long-ellipsoid, more or less distinctly constricted but not thickened at the median septum, not surrounded by a gelatinous sheath. Pycnidia not observed. Chemistry. Thallus UV+ yellow, C–, P–, K–; pseudostroma UV+ orange, C–, P–, K+ blood red. TLC: Lichexanthone and an anthraquinone, probably parietin.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[ISE28790], Brazil, Tocantins, near Itaguatins, 150 m, 5°44’58’’ S, 47°32’24’’ W, in cerrado on tree bark. Leg. M. Cáceres & A. Aptroot (ISE 28790), 22.10.2016, det. A. Aptroot, 2016. ISOTYPE
Thallus dull, ochraceous, not surrounded by a prothallus. Ascomata globose to pyriform, 0.4–0.6 mm diam., immersed in and below pseudostromata, in groups of 3–15. Pseudostroma ellipsoid to elongated or branched, occasionally forming a reticulum, orange pigmented on the surface, internally not pigmented. Ostioles lateral, fused, black. Hamathecium not inspersed. Ascospores 2/ascus, hyaline, regularly muriform, 150–190 × 40–50 μm, long-ellipsoid, more or less distinctly constricted but not thickened at the median septum, not surrounded by a gelatinous sheath. Pycnidia not observed. Chemistry. Thallus UV+ yellow, C–, P–, K–; pseudostroma UV+ orange, C–, P–, K+ blood red. TLC: Lichexanthone and an anthraquinone, probably parietin.