Astrothelium himalayense (Upreti & Aptroot) Aptroot & Schumm



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[Upreti212958], India, Uttar Pradesh, Pithoragarh District., Munsiyari, forest above PWD guest house, c. 2300 m, on Quercus bark. Leg. D. K. Utpreti (no 212958), 30.06.1003. ISOTYPE
Thallus crustose, corticolous, yellow or yellowish-brown, smooth, epiphloeodal, without hypothallus. Pseudostroma 2–8-carpous, 0.8–2.0 mm in diam., immersed or emergent and upper part covered with a thallus layer or exposed and black, convex. Photobiont globose, probably belonging to Trentepohlia. Ascocarps radially arranged, with fused ostioles, 0.5–0.7 mm in diam., 0.3–0.45 mm high, completely carbonized, without distinct clypeus, walls up to 100 μm thick. Ostioles whitish all around and brown in the centre, conical, lateral, 50–120 μm in diam. Centrum colourless, without oil globules, IKI+ vinose red. Paraphyses branched at the tips, 1–2 μm thick. Periphyses absent. Asci 8-spored, 100–165 × 15–25 μm, lumina diamond-shaped, with a rounded ocular chamber. Ascospores irregularly arranged in the ascus, colourless (old becoming brown), fusiform with pointed ends, curved or straight, 6–9-distoseptate, 35–54 × 7–10 μm. Perispore smooth, without granules, up to 2 μm thick. Note: The re-examination of this isotype shows that this belongs to the genus Astrothelium, as it has partly diamond-shaped lumina and branched paraphyses.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[Upreti212958], India, Uttar Pradesh, Pithoragarh District., Munsiyari, forest above PWD guest house, c. 2300 m, on Quercus bark. Leg. D. K. Utpreti (no 212958), 30.06.1003. ISOTYPE
Thallus crustose, corticolous, yellow or yellowish-brown, smooth, epiphloeodal, without hypothallus. Pseudostroma 2–8-carpous, 0.8–2.0 mm in diam., immersed or emergent and upper part covered with a thallus layer or exposed and black, convex. Photobiont globose, probably belonging to Trentepohlia. Ascocarps radially arranged, with fused ostioles, 0.5–0.7 mm in diam., 0.3–0.45 mm high, completely carbonized, without distinct clypeus, walls up to 100 μm thick. Ostioles whitish all around and brown in the centre, conical, lateral, 50–120 μm in diam. Centrum colourless, without oil globules, IKI+ vinose red. Paraphyses branched at the tips, 1–2 μm thick. Periphyses absent. Asci 8-spored, 100–165 × 15–25 μm, lumina diamond-shaped, with a rounded ocular chamber. Ascospores irregularly arranged in the ascus, colourless (old becoming brown), fusiform with pointed ends, curved or straight, 6–9-distoseptate, 35–54 × 7–10 μm. Perispore smooth, without granules, up to 2 μm thick. Note: The re-examination of this isotype shows that this belongs to the genus Astrothelium, as it has partly diamond-shaped lumina and branched paraphyses.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[Upreti212958], India, Uttar Pradesh, Pithoragarh District., Munsiyari, forest above PWD guest house, c. 2300 m, on Quercus bark. Leg. D. K. Utpreti (no 212958), 30.06.1003. ISOTYPE
Thallus crustose, corticolous, yellow or yellowish-brown, smooth, epiphloeodal, without hypothallus. Pseudostroma 2–8-carpous, 0.8–2.0 mm in diam., immersed or emergent and upper part covered with a thallus layer or exposed and black, convex. Photobiont globose, probably belonging to Trentepohlia. Ascocarps radially arranged, with fused ostioles, 0.5–0.7 mm in diam., 0.3–0.45 mm high, completely carbonized, without distinct clypeus, walls up to 100 μm thick. Ostioles whitish all around and brown in the centre, conical, lateral, 50–120 μm in diam. Centrum colourless, without oil globules, IKI+ vinose red. Paraphyses branched at the tips, 1–2 μm thick. Periphyses absent. Asci 8-spored, 100–165 × 15–25 μm, lumina diamond-shaped, with a rounded ocular chamber. Ascospores irregularly arranged in the ascus, colourless (old becoming brown), fusiform with pointed ends, curved or straight, 6–9-distoseptate, 35–54 × 7–10 μm. Perispore smooth, without granules, up to 2 μm thick. Note: The re-examination of this isotype shows that this belongs to the genus Astrothelium, as it has partly diamond-shaped lumina and branched paraphyses.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[Upreti212958], India, Uttar Pradesh, Pithoragarh District., Munsiyari, forest above PWD guest house, c. 2300 m, on Quercus bark. Leg. D. K. Utpreti (no 212958), 30.06.1003. ISOTYPE
Thallus crustose, corticolous, yellow or yellowish-brown, smooth, epiphloeodal, without hypothallus. Pseudostroma 2–8-carpous, 0.8–2.0 mm in diam., immersed or emergent and upper part covered with a thallus layer or exposed and black, convex. Photobiont globose, probably belonging to Trentepohlia. Ascocarps radially arranged, with fused ostioles, 0.5–0.7 mm in diam., 0.3–0.45 mm high, completely carbonized, without distinct clypeus, walls up to 100 μm thick. Ostioles whitish all around and brown in the centre, conical, lateral, 50–120 μm in diam. Centrum colourless, without oil globules, IKI+ vinose red. Paraphyses branched at the tips, 1–2 μm thick. Periphyses absent. Asci 8-spored, 100–165 × 15–25 μm, lumina diamond-shaped, with a rounded ocular chamber. Ascospores irregularly arranged in the ascus, colourless (old becoming brown), fusiform with pointed ends, curved or straight, 6–9-distoseptate, 35–54 × 7–10 μm. Perispore smooth, without granules, up to 2 μm thick. Note: The re-examination of this isotype shows that this belongs to the genus Astrothelium, as it has partly diamond-shaped lumina and branched paraphyses.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[Upreti212958], India, Uttar Pradesh, Pithoragarh District., Munsiyari, forest above PWD guest house, c. 2300 m, on Quercus bark. Leg. D. K. Utpreti (no 212958), 30.06.1003. ISOTYPE
Thallus crustose, corticolous, yellow or yellowish-brown, smooth, epiphloeodal, without hypothallus. Pseudostroma 2–8-carpous, 0.8–2.0 mm in diam., immersed or emergent and upper part covered with a thallus layer or exposed and black, convex. Photobiont globose, probably belonging to Trentepohlia. Ascocarps radially arranged, with fused ostioles, 0.5–0.7 mm in diam., 0.3–0.45 mm high, completely carbonized, without distinct clypeus, walls up to 100 μm thick. Ostioles whitish all around and brown in the centre, conical, lateral, 50–120 μm in diam. Centrum colourless, without oil globules, IKI+ vinose red. Paraphyses branched at the tips, 1–2 μm thick. Periphyses absent. Asci 8-spored, 100–165 × 15–25 μm, lumina diamond-shaped, with a rounded ocular chamber. Ascospores irregularly arranged in the ascus, colourless (old becoming brown), fusiform with pointed ends, curved or straight, 6–9-distoseptate, 35–54 × 7–10 μm. Perispore smooth, without granules, up to 2 μm thick. Note: The re-examination of this isotype shows that this belongs to the genus Astrothelium, as it has partly diamond-shaped lumina and branched paraphyses.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[Upreti212958], India, Uttar Pradesh, Pithoragarh District., Munsiyari, forest above PWD guest house, c. 2300 m, on Quercus bark. Leg. D. K. Utpreti (no 212958), 30.06.1003. ISOTYPE
Thallus crustose, corticolous, yellow or yellowish-brown, smooth, epiphloeodal, without hypothallus. Pseudostroma 2–8-carpous, 0.8–2.0 mm in diam., immersed or emergent and upper part covered with a thallus layer or exposed and black, convex. Photobiont globose, probably belonging to Trentepohlia. Ascocarps radially arranged, with fused ostioles, 0.5–0.7 mm in diam., 0.3–0.45 mm high, completely carbonized, without distinct clypeus, walls up to 100 μm thick. Ostioles whitish all around and brown in the centre, conical, lateral, 50–120 μm in diam. Centrum colourless, without oil globules, IKI+ vinose red. Paraphyses branched at the tips, 1–2 μm thick. Periphyses absent. Asci 8-spored, 100–165 × 15–25 μm, lumina diamond-shaped, with a rounded ocular chamber. Ascospores irregularly arranged in the ascus, colourless (old becoming brown), fusiform with pointed ends, curved or straight, 6–9-distoseptate, 35–54 × 7–10 μm. Perispore smooth, without granules, up to 2 μm thick. Note: The re-examination of this isotype shows that this belongs to the genus Astrothelium, as it has partly diamond-shaped lumina and branched paraphyses.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[Upreti212958], India, Uttar Pradesh, Pithoragarh District., Munsiyari, forest above PWD guest house, c. 2300 m, on Quercus bark. Leg. D. K. Utpreti (no 212958), 30.06.1003. ISOTYPE
Thallus crustose, corticolous, yellow or yellowish-brown, smooth, epiphloeodal, without hypothallus. Pseudostroma 2–8-carpous, 0.8–2.0 mm in diam., immersed or emergent and upper part covered with a thallus layer or exposed and black, convex. Photobiont globose, probably belonging to Trentepohlia. Ascocarps radially arranged, with fused ostioles, 0.5–0.7 mm in diam., 0.3–0.45 mm high, completely carbonized, without distinct clypeus, walls up to 100 μm thick. Ostioles whitish all around and brown in the centre, conical, lateral, 50–120 μm in diam. Centrum colourless, without oil globules, IKI+ vinose red. Paraphyses branched at the tips, 1–2 μm thick. Periphyses absent. Asci 8-spored, 100–165 × 15–25 μm, lumina diamond-shaped, with a rounded ocular chamber. Ascospores irregularly arranged in the ascus, colourless (old becoming brown), fusiform with pointed ends, curved or straight, 6–9-distoseptate, 35–54 × 7–10 μm. Perispore smooth, without granules, up to 2 μm thick. Note: The re-examination of this isotype shows that this belongs to the genus Astrothelium, as it has partly diamond-shaped lumina and branched paraphyses.